Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation decreases matrix metalloproteinase-9 production in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, |
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| Authors: | L. Shinto G. Marracci S. Baldauf-Wagner A. Strehlow V. Yadav L. Stuber D. Bourdette |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz, Iran;2. Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;3. Student''s Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;4. Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;5. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;6. Departments of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;7. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran;8. Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;9. Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;10. Pishtaz Teb Zaman Diagnostics, Tehran, Iran;1. Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;2. Isfahan Neuroscience Research Centre, Iran;3. University of Isfahan, Department of Biology, Isfahan, Iran;4. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Health School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;1. Post-graduate Program in Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands;2. Academic MS Center Limburg, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard, The Netherlands;3. Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThe primary objective was to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FA) on matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) production by immune cells in multiple sclerosis (MS). Quality of life, fatty acid levels, and safety were also evaluated.Materials and MethodsTen participants with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) received omega-3 FA supplementation (9.6 g/day fish oil) in an open-label study. Participants were evaluated at four time points, baseline, after 1 month of omega-3 FA supplementation, after 3 months of omega-3 FA supplementation, and after a 3-month wash out.ResultsImmune cell secretion of MMP-9 decreased by 58% after 3 months of omega-3 FA supplementation when compared with baseline levels (p<0.01). This effect was coupled with a significant increase in omega-3 FA levels in red blood cell membranes.ConclusionsOmega-3 FA significantly decreased MMP-9 levels in RRMS and may act as an immune-modulator that has potential therapeutic benefit in MS patients. |
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