Determination of Parameters for the Supercritical Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Green Propolis Using Carbon Dioxide and Ethanol as Co-Solvent |
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| Authors: | Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado Gabriele de Abreu Barreto Aline Silva Costa Samantha Serra Costa Rejane Pina Dantas Silva Danielle Figuerêdo da Silva Hugo Neves Brand?o José Luiz Carneiro da Rocha Silmar Baptista Nunes Marcelo Andres Umsza-Guez Francine Ferreira Padilha |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Research and Technology, Tiradentes University, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.; 2. Faculty of Technology, SENAI/CIMATEC, National Service of Industrial Learning–SENAI, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.; 3. Faculty of Pharmacy, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.; 4. Biotechnology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.; College of Agricultural Sciences, UNITED STATES, |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to determine the best processing conditions to extract Brazilian green propolis using a supercritical extraction technology. For this purpose, the influence of different parameters was evaluated such as S/F (solvent mass in relation to solute mass), percentage of co-solvent (1 and 2% ethanol), temperature (40 and 50°C) and pressure (250, 350 and 400 bar) using supercritical carbon dioxide. The Global Yield Isotherms (GYIs) were obtained through the evaluation of the yield, and the chemical composition of the extracts was also obtained in relation to the total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxicinnamic acid (Artepillin C) and acid 4-hydroxycinnamic (p-coumaric acid). The best results were identified at 50°C, 350 bar, 1% ethanol (co-solvent) and S/F of 110. These conditions, a content of 8.93±0.01 and 0.40±0.05 g/100 g of Artepillin C and p-coumaric acid, respectively, were identified indicating the efficiency of the extraction process. Despite of low yield of the process, the extracts obtained had high contents of relevant compounds, proving the viability of the process to obtain green propolis extracts with important biological applications due to the extracts composition. |
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