动物内源褪黑素调控生物节律的研究进展

内源褪黑素对人类和其他哺乳动物的节律行为具有调控功能。生物节律是自然进化赋予生命的基本特征之一，生物体的生命活动受到生物节律的控制与影响。在哺乳动物中，节律调控中心是松果体，其主要功能是合成和分泌褪黑素。褪黑素广泛参与生物体节律行为的调节，本文从褪黑素的产生和作用机制，分别阐述褪黑素对昼夜节律行为和多种年节律行为的调控作用，同时明确褪黑素与生物钟及神经内分泌系统的直接作用和反馈互动的复杂集合，进一步揭示褪黑素调控生物节律的重要作用，以期为褪黑素的基础研究以及未来探究生物体的生物钟内源性发生机制提供参考。

Research Progress of Endogenous Melatonin Regulating Biological Rhythm in Animals

Melatonin is produced to regulate the rhythmic behaviour of humans and other mammals. Biological rhythm represents a fundamental aspect of life and has been conferred by natural evolution. The activities that organisms perform during their lifetime are controlled and influenced by their biological rhythms. The pineal gland, located in mammals, serves as the regulatory centre for these rhythms and is responsible for synthesizing and secreting melatonin. Melatonin has an important role to play in the rhythmic behaviour of organisms. Previous analyses have mainly emphasised melatonin''s pivotal role in circadian and reproductive annual rhythms, while neglecting its contribution to other annual rhythmic processes. This study aims to shed light on the regulation of melatonin in both circadian rhythm and annual rhythmic behaviour, focusing on the production and mechanisms involved. At the same time, it elucidates the intricate network of direct and feedback interactions that link melatonin to the biological clock and the neuroendocrine system. Additionally, it highlights melatonin''s significant role in regulating biological rhythms, thereby serving as a point of reference for fundamental research on melatonin and future investigations into the endogenous biological clock mechanism in organisms. As mental disorders, such as circadian disorders, depression, and anxiety, become more common, studies have indicated a close correlation between melatonin secretion and these conditions. Consequently, it is imperative to explore the exact process by which melatonin governs biological rhythms, in order to furnish theoretical signposts for treating such disorders.