<Emphasis Type="Italic">Salamandra salamandra</Emphasis> (Amphibia: Caudata: Salamandridae) in Portugal: not all black and yellow |
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Authors: | Davide?M?Reis Regina?L?Cunha Cláudia?Patr?o Rui?Rebelo Email author" target="_blank">Rita?CastilhoEmail author |
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Institution: | 1.Centre for Marine Sciences, CCMAR—CIMAR Laboratório Associado,University of Algarve,Faro,Portugal;2.Centro de Biologia Ambiental e Departamento de Biologia Animal,Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa,Lisbon,Portugal |
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Abstract: | The fire salamander complex is quite diverse in the Iberian Peninsula where nine subspecies of Salamandra salamandra are currently recognized. Here, we analysed the geographical distribution of the subspecies S. s. gallaica and S. s. crespoi using partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 168 individuals from 12 locations in Portugal. Our results support the existence of a deep lineage divergence between
the two subspecies, with non-overlapping geographical distributions except in two contact zones: one in Sesimbra on the western
coast, and another in Alcoutim on the southeastern border with Spain. Moreover, S. s. crespoi displays signs of gene flow among the sampled locations whereas S. s. gallaica shows evidence of some restriction to gene flow. Present-day genetic make-up of S. s. gallaica and S. s. crespoi is a result of past historical events, fine-tuned by contemporary Iberian geoclimate. Humid mountain areas were found to
harbour increased genetic diversity possibly acting as past refugia during drier interglacial periods. To analyse wider geographical
patterns and lineage splitting events within S. salamandra we performed a Bayesian dating analysis completing our data set with previously published sequences. The observed divergences
were associated to successive biogeographic scenarios, and to other Iberian species showing similar trends. |
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