综述: 病毒与宿主细胞的糖基化修饰及相关功能

病毒的复制和对宿主的入侵与自身结构蛋白的糖基化修饰密切相关．对于宿主而言，在病毒感染宿主和宿主抗病毒的过程中，宿主的糖基化过程一方面可抑制病毒的复制和入侵，另一方面可促进病毒对宿主的感染，抑制宿主糖苷酶可抑制病毒的复制．从病毒方面来看，由于病毒自身缺乏糖基化修饰系统，病毒的糖基化过程是借宿主细胞内的合成系统对自身进行糖基化修饰．病毒的糖基化过程对病毒蛋白的折叠与稳定、病毒的感染和入侵、参与识别宿主细胞受体和参与病毒的免疫逃逸等过程起着重要的作用．随着糖基化研究技术的发展，以糖基化为基础的功能应用也越来越深入：如新型病毒疫苗和新型抗病毒药物的研制，以糖蛋白质组学研究为基础的质谱技术和生物信息学方法的发展，以及利用糖基化对病毒性疾病的诊断和治疗等，这些均为糖基化深入研究发展奠定了基础．本文就病毒与宿主细胞糖基化过程、相关功能以及研究应用等进展作一综述．

Review: Glycosylation Modification and Related Functions of Virus and Host Cells

The glycosylation modification of virus structural protein is implicated in virus replication and virus invasion of host cells. For host, in virus infection and host antiviral processes, the host glycosylation process can, on the one hand, inhibit virus replication and invasion, on the other hand promote the virus infection of the host. For virus, as virus lacks glycosylation modification system, viral glycosylation modification process exploits the synthesis system of the host cells. The glycosylation modification of virus plays an important role in viral protein folding, virus infection and invasion of the host, virus recognition of host cell receptors, and is involved in virus immune escape. With the development of glycosylation investigation technology, glycosylation-based functional applications are becoming more and more intensive: such as the development of new viral vaccines and novel antiviral drugs, mass spectrometry and bioinformatic techniques based on glycoprotein proteomics studies, and the application of glycosylation for viral disease diagnosis and treatment, which lay the foundation for further development of glycosylation research. Here we reviewed the virus and host cell glycosylation modification and its related functions and its application.