| CRISPR/Cas9 系统：脑与认知科学研究的一个重要工具 |
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| 引用本文： | 王浩,闫龑,焦仁杰,闵璐,朱凌云,张东裔.CRISPR/Cas9 系统：脑与认知科学研究的一个重要工具[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2017,44(9):799-805. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王浩 闫龑 焦仁杰 闵璐 朱凌云 张东裔 |
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| 作者单位： | 国防科学技术大学，理学院，化学与生物学系，生物信息研究中心,中国科学院，生物物理研究所，脑与认知科学国家重点实验室,广州医科大学，基础学院，中法霍夫曼免疫研究所,国防科学技术大学，理学院，化学与生物学系，生物信息研究中心,国防科学技术大学，理学院，化学与生物学系，生物信息研究中心,国防科学技术大学，理学院，化学与生物学系，生物信息研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(81470846, 31529004, 31671422, 31500686, 31601112),国家重点基础研究发展计划 (973 Program; 2012CB825504),中国科学院(XDA04020413-02) |
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| 摘 要： | 在生命科学领域，大脑如何工作一直是最具神秘性和最有挑战性的科学问题之一。了解认知与记忆的分子和神经基础不仅可以帮助我们探索神经障碍和精神紊乱的发病机理，并且为类脑人工智能提供了理论基础。现如今已经发展出各种神经技术来解决这个终极生物学问题，其中包括分子遗传学工具（比如GEVIs和viral trans-synaptic labelling vectors），来进行神经回路活性与神经解剖学成像。作为一个强有力的遗传学工具，从基因组编辑到基因表达控制，从细胞成像到分子追踪，CRISPR/Cas9系统已经在各科学领域掀起了一场革命。在该综述中，我们讨论了CRISPR/Cas9技术在神经科学中的应用与局限。最后，为研究认知与记忆的神经基础提供了改进CRISPR/Cas9技术的潜在方向与策略。
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| 关 键 词： | CRISPR/Cas9，大脑，记忆，认知科学 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/6/23 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/8/17 0:00:00 |
CRISPR/Cas9 System: an Important Tool for Brain and Cognitive Science |
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| WANG Hao,YAN Yan,JIAO Ren-Jie,MIN Lu,ZHU Ling-Yun and ZHANG Dong-Yi.CRISPR/Cas9 System: an Important Tool for Brain and Cognitive Science[J].Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics,2017,44(9):799-805. |
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| Authors: | WANG Hao YAN Yan JIAO Ren-Jie MIN Lu ZHU Ling-Yun and ZHANG Dong-Yi |
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| Institution: | Research Center of Biological Information, Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,Research Center of Biological Information, Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China,Research Center of Biological Information, Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China,Research Center of Biological Information, Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China and Research Center of Biological Information, Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China |
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| Abstract: | How the brain works is one of the most mysterious yet challenging problems in life sciences. Understanding the molecular and neural basis of cognition and memory is expected to not only aid the exploration of the pathogenesis of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders but also provide the fundamental principles for brain-inspired intelligence. Various neural technologies are continuously developed to provide tools for resolving this ultimate biological problem. Such technologies include molecular genetic tools (particularly genetically encoded calcium indicators and viral trans-synaptic labeling vectors) that images neural circuit activities and neuro-anatomy. CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9) system is a powerful molecular genetic tool that has revolutionized various scientific fields, especially genome editing, gene expression control, cellular imaging, and molecular tracing. In this review, we discuss the applications and limitations of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in neuroscience and provide possible directions and strategies for the advancement of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in studying the neural basis of cognition and memory. |
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| Keywords: | CRISPR/Cas9 brain memory cognitive science |
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