The effect of hydropower on fish stocks: comparison between cascade and non-cascade reservoirs |
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Authors: | V Dratík J Kubeka M Tuer M ech J Frouzová O Jarolím and M Prchalová |
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Institution: | (1) Biology Centre of the AS CR, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic;(2) Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | Spatial distributions of fish were studied in two types of reservoirs by means of hydroacoustics during the summer. Different
patterns of fish distribution were found in non-cascade (Římov, Želivka) and cascade (Kamyk, Slapy, Štěchovice, Vrané) reservoirs.
Maximum biomass and density of fish were observed in the tributary area of the non-cascade reservoir. The biomass declined
towards the dam area. Average weight of fish showed the opposite trend—maximum average weight was observed in the dam area
and declined towards the tributary area. In the cascade reservoirs fish distribution was found to be more complicated but
the maximum biomass and density of fish were observed in the dam areas, whereas the tributary areas were nearly fishless.
Poor ecohydrological conditions in the tributaries of cascade reservoirs are likely to be responsible for the low abundance
of fish in these areas. This was evident in the example of Vrané reservoir which has two major inflows. Low biomass and density
of fish were observed in the cold and low oxygen saturated inflowing cascade Vltava River while higher biomass and density
were observed in the warm and well oxygen saturated Sázava River inflow. Average weights of fish followed the same trend as
in non-cascade reservoirs—the maximum was in the dam area and it declined towards the tributary area. The vertical distribution
of fish is driven by the fully developed stratification of temperature and oxygen during the summer season in non-cascade
reservoirs. A significantly lower biomass of fish was observed below the thermocline in vertical surveys in both non-cascade
and cascade reservoirs. Summer stratification in cascade reservoirs is weakly developed or is not developed at all due to
hypolimnetic releases of cold water and short retention times. High transparency suggests lower primary production in cascade
reservoirs.
Guest editors: R. L. Welcomme & G. Marmulla
Hydropower, Flood Control and Water Abstraction: Implications for Fish and Fisheries |
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Keywords: | Abundance Biomass Cascade Longitudinal gradient Vertical and horizontal distribution |
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