微生物发酵降解植物甾醇侧链生产17-酮甾体研究进展

微生物发酵降解植物甾醇侧链,生产雄甾-4-烯-3,17-二酮(AD),雄甾-1,4-二烯-3,17-二酮(ADD),和9α-羟基-AD甾体药物中间体的工业生物技术对改变制造甾体激素药物半合成原料薯蓣皂素短缺的现状,实现甾体激素药物半合成原料多元化,合理利用我国甾体植物资源具有重要意义。重点评述了近期微生物法断植物甾醇侧链制AD、ADD和9α-羟基-AD的研究现状,内容包括:1)微生物菌种选育;2)菌种相关的细胞生理,酶学性质和生物催化过程;3)相关酶的细胞定位及生物反应器;4)发酵工艺选择和甾醇原料的合理利用。

Microbial fermentation of phytosterol sidechain cleaved for production of 17-keto steroids

The study on the microbial degration of phytosterol sidechain and the development of industral biotechnology for production of 17-keto steroids,i.e.,androst-4-ene-3,17-dione（AD）,androst-1,4-diene-3,17-dione,and 9α-hydroxy-AD,are of significance to replace partially diosgenin as its shortage with them,and to perform multiple sources as one kind of raw materals of semisynthetic production in steroid-pharmaceutical industry,and to put plant steroid resources to rational use in China for today.This paper reviewed microbial organism for the breeding and selection mutant,the strain selection of related cytological physiology,enzyme properties and biocatalytical processing,related enzyme location in cell and bioreacter selection,and fermentational process selection and rational use of sterol raw materials.