Data-Based Analysis of Winner-Loser Models of Hierarchy Formation in Animals |
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Authors: | W Brent Lindquist Ivan D Chase |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600, USA;(2) Department of Sociology and Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4356, USA |
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Abstract: | We review winner-loser models, the currently popular explanation for the occurrence of linear dominance hierarchies, via a
three-part approach. (1) We isolate the two most significant components of the mathematical formulation of three of the most
widely-cited models and rigorously evaluate the components’ predictions against data collected on hierarchy formation in groups
of hens. (2) We evaluate the experimental support in the literature for the basic assumptions contained in winner-loser models.
(3) We apply new techniques to the hen data to uncover several behavioral dynamics of hierarchy formation not previously described.
The mathematical formulations of these models do not show satisfactory agreement with the hen data, and key model assumptions
have either little or no conclusive support from experimental findings in the literature. In agreement with the latest experimental
results concerning social cognition, the new behavioral dynamics of hierarchy formation discovered in the hen data suggest
that members of groups are intensely aware both of their own interactions as well as interactions occurring among other members of their group. We suggest that
more adequate models of hierarchy formation should be based upon behavioral dynamics that reflect more sophisticated levels
of social cognition. |
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Keywords: | Dominance hierarchy formation Winner-loser models Social networks Social cognition Linear hierarchies |
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