蜘蛛抱蛋属的细胞分类学研究Ⅱ

文章报道了13种蜘蛛抱蛋属植物的染色体核型，并对属内核型进化规律作了总结。作者认为随体染色体和第1对染色体可以作为本属核型的特征染色体。染色体数目变异与花部式样密切相关。本属植物原始的染色体基数为x=19。此外，对非整倍性变异的主要机制也进行了讨论。

CYTOTAXONOMIC STUDIES ON THE GENUS ASPIDISTRA II

Karyomorphology was investigated on 13 species of the genus Aspidistra (Lili-aceae s. 1.) from China,among which six are found to have the chromosome number 2n= 36 and seven 2n=38. For the species with the chromosome number 2n = 36, karyotypes are reported as follows.1. A. triloba Wang et Lang:2n=36=6m 14sm 16st(2sat);2.A. hex-ianensis J.L.Huang et Hong:2n=36=16m 6sm 14st(2sat);3. A. retusa K. Y. Lang et S. Z. Huang: 2n=36=16m 6sm 14st(2sat);4. A. dolichanthera X. X. Chen:2n=36= 16m 6sm(2sat) 12st 2t; 5. A. fungilliformis Y. Wan: 2n = 36 = 16m 2sm 18st (2sat) ;6. A. tonkinensis Wang et Tang:2n=36 = 14m 8sm 12st(2sat) 2t nB. Karyotypes of the species with the chromosome number 2n= 38 are also formulated as follows:7. A. minutiflora Stapf:2n=38=12m 12sm 8st(2sat) 6t and 2n= 38 = 12m 12sm 12st (2sat) 2t respectively in two different populations;8. A. fimbriata Wang et Lang;2n = 38 2B=20m 4sm 12st 2t(2sat) 2B;9. A. sichuanensis K.Y.Lang et Z. Y.Zhu: 2n = 38 = 20m 6sm 12st(2sat);10.A.e/arior Bl:2n = 38 = 22m 4sm(2sat) 12st;11. A. subrotata Y. Wan et C. C. Huang: 2n=38=22m 2sm 14st(2sat); 12. A. longanensis Y. Wan:2n= 38 = 20m 6sm 12st (2sat); 13. A. longiloba G. Z. Li:2n=14m 12sm (2sat) 8st 4t. All the above species have bimodal karyotypes which belong to Stebbins' karyotype classification 2C. In addition, several viewpoints are proposed; 1. The first pair of small chromosomes,almost always having satellites on the short arms,characterizes the karyotypes of the genus. 2. Chromosome numbers are closely correlated with floral structure. 2n = 38 is always found in the species with dingy-colored flower, swollen stigma and stamens inserted at the base of perianth tube;the species with bright-colored flower,smaller stigma and stamens inserted at upper or middle part of perianth tube usually have the chromosome num- ber 2n=36. 3. The basic chromosome number x= 19 is considered as original one in the genus,while x= 18 is derived.