我国25省市自治区丁型肝炎病毒感染的流行病学调查研究

应用本室先后建立的酶联免疫吸附法和核酸打点杂交法,检测我国25省布自治区、16个不同民族共9 758例乙型肝炎病毒感染者中的丁型肝炎病毒抗原、抗体和核酸。其中乙型肝炎病人4 714例,HBsAg慢性携带者5 044例。病人和携带者中丁型肝炎抗原阳性率分别为4.25％和3.0％,丁型肝炎抗体阳性率分别为1.46％和1.18％,丁型肝炎病毒核酸阳住率分别为3.70％和2.2％。在不同地区不同民族丁型肝炎的这些指标有一定差异。在16个民族中,维吾尔族、蒙族和藏族丁型肝炎抗体阳性率明显高于其他民族,黎族丁型肝炎核酸阳性率高于其他民族。但在1136例不同临床型乙型肝炎病人中,丁型肝炎感染率无明显区别。丁型肝炎感染与暴发性肝炎的关系有待进一步研究。

PREVALENCE OF HDV INFECTION IN 9,758 PERSONS WITH HBV INFECTION IN DIFFERENT REGIONS AND NATIONALITIES OF CHINA

Hepatitis D virus ( HDV ) has a worldwide distribution which, in general, is parallel to that of hepatitis B virus, but in some highly endemic areas of HBV infection ( eg.Southeast Asia ) there is little or no HDV infection. In order to investigate the epidemiology of HDV in China, specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and dot blot hybridization test with 32P-labelled HDV-cDNA probe were developed(with the help of Dr. H. A.Fields ) for screening anti-HDV antibody and HDV-RNA in sera in early 1988.A total of 9,758 serum samples was collected from 25 provinces and autonomous regions from Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1989. These sera were collected from 16 nationalities, in which 4,714 were patients of various clinical types and 5,044 HBsAg-positive carriers. The results showed that, the prevalence rate of HDV infection are different in different areas in China. HDV infection in Neimeng ( Inner Mongolia), Xinjing, Xizang ( Tibet ), Jilin, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Guangxi and Liaoning provinces or autono-mous regions were higher than in other provinces, The HDV positive rates in HBV patients is higher ( 3,7% ) than in HBsAg carrier ( 2.2% ) by dot blot hybridization for HDV-RNA. The prevalence rates of HDV infection in 16 nationalities are also different. Weiwur(12%),Mongolian (7.4%), Tibetan ( 5.2% ) nationalities had higher antibody rates than others. Besides, HDV infection was found only by dot-blot hybridization or by antigen test in Guangdong, Guangxi, Jilin, Sichuan and Jiangsu provinces. It was considered that the HDV-RNA positivity rate may depend on the stages of HDV infection and on the testing method. If sera were collected in the early stage of HDV infection, detection by HDV-RNA is much better than by antibody testing.On the other hand, it is suspected that there may be different subtypes of HDV in different areas. This possibility needs further investigation.