被动吸烟下调大鼠卵巢雌、孕激素及其受体的表达

目的利用Wistar大鼠烟雾吸入模型,观察被动吸烟对Wistar大鼠卵巢结构的影响,检测生殖激素水平,分析生殖内分泌的变化,为提倡生育期妇女避免被动吸烟提供新的理论依据。方法建立大鼠烟雾吸入模型。32只健康雌性Wistar大鼠,鼠龄(60±5)d,每只体重200～250g,随机分为空白对照组和实验组,每组16只。实验组吸烟3个月,对照组正常饲养。3个月后处死两组大鼠。酶联免疫吸附试验方法 (enzyme linkedimmunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测雌鼠血清中雌激素(estrogen,E2)、孕激素(progesterone,P4)的水平;常规石蜡切片,免疫组织化学SP法检测各组雌鼠卵巢雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)、孕激素受体(progesterone receptor,PR)的表达情况。所得数据采用SPSS软件作统计学处理分析,比较各组间差异程度。结果①酶联免疫吸附试验结果 :吸烟3个月大鼠血清E2水平比空白对照组显著降低,其浓度值比较差异有显著性;吸烟3个月大鼠血清P4水平比空白对照组显著降低,其浓度值比较差异有显著性。②免疫组织化学结果 :ER主要表达在大鼠卵巢组织的各级生长卵泡的颗粒细胞的细胞核内,呈棕黄色颗粒状分布,卵泡膜细胞和间质细胞也有少量表达。吸烟3个月的大鼠卵巢组织中ER的表达显著低于空白对照组。PR主要表达在大鼠卵巢组织卵泡的颗粒细胞的细胞质和细胞核中,呈棕黄色颗粒状分布,吸烟3个月的大鼠卵巢组织中PR的表达显著低于空白对照组。结论①成功的建立了大鼠被动吸烟模型。②被动吸烟可使大鼠血清中E2及P4水平明显降低,使大鼠卵巢中ER及PR的表达减少,提示被动吸烟可破坏卵巢的功能,引起生殖内分泌失调。

Effects of Passive Smoking on Rat Ovarian Estrogen and Progesterone and Their Receptors

Objective The aim of this study was to observe the effects of passive smoking on ovarian structure in Wistar rats and detect reproductive hormone levels to analyze the changes in reproductive endocrinology,and provide further theoretical and experimental evidence for promoting reproductive age women to avoid passive smoking. Methods Thirty two healthy female Wistar rats,200-250 g weight,were randomly divided into control and smoking groups （ n = 16）. The control rats fed normally and the experimental rats smoked for 3 months. All rats were killed at 3 months after the experiment. The serum E2 and P4 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The expressions of ER and PR were assessed by immunohistochemistry. The data were analyzed with SPSS 11. 5 for Windows. Results ① The ELISA showed that the serum levels of both estrogen and progesterone were significantly lower in the smoking rats than those in non-smoking rats （both P〈0. 05）. ② Immunohistochemical results showed that ER positive material was mainly distributed in the cell nuclei of the rat ovarian granulosa cells. The ER expression level was significantly lower in the ovaries of smoking rats than that in the control group （ P〈0. 01 ）. PR positive material mainly was distributed in the cytoplasm and cell nucleus of the rat ovarian granulosa cells. The level of PR expression was significantly lower in the ovaries of smoking rats than that in the control group （ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion ① A rat model of passive smoking has been successfully established. ②Passive smoking can decrease the serum levels of E2 and P4 in rats and the expression of ER and PR in rat ovaries. Passive smoking can harm ovarian function and cause reproductive endocrine disorders.