Transport genes of Chromobacterium violaceum: an overview |
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Authors: | Grangeiro Thalles Barbosa Jorge Daniel Macedo de Melo Bezerra Walderly Melgaço Vasconcelos Ana Tereza Ribeiro Simpson Andrew John George |
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Affiliation: | Laboratório de Citogenética e Genética Molecular, Departamento de Biologia, Bloco 906, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Humberto Monte, s/n, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. thalles@ufc.br |
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Abstract: | The complete genome sequence of the free-living bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum has been determined by a consortium of laboratories in Brazil. Almost 500 open reading frames (ORFs) coding for transport-related membrane proteins were identified in C. violaceum, which represents 11% of all genes found. The main class of transporter proteins is the primary active transporters (212 ORFs), followed by electrochemical potential-driven transporters (154 ORFs) and channels/pores (62 ORFs). Other classes (61 ORFs) include group translocators, transport electron carriers, accessory factors, and incompletely characterized systems. Therefore, all major categories of transport-related membrane proteins currently recognized in the Transport Protein Database (http://tcdb.ucsd.edu/tcdb) are present in C. violaceum. The complex apparatus of transporters of C. violaceum is certainly an important factor that makes this bacterium a dominant microorganism in a variety of ecosystems in tropical and subtropical regions. From a biotechnological point of view, the most important finding is the transporters of heavy metals, which could lead to the exploitation of C. violaceum for bioremediation. |
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