The antimicrobial effects of deglycyrrhizinated licorice root extract on Streptococcus mutans UA159 in both planktonic and biofilm cultures |
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Authors: | Sug-Joon Ahn Eun-Jung Cho Hyoung-Jun Kim Soon-Nang Park Yun-Kyong Lim Joong-Ki Kook |
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Institution: | 1. Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kurashiki Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Miwa Kurashiki, Okayama 710-8602, Japan;2. Department of Emergency Medicine, Obamar Municipal Hospital, 2-2 Otemachi, Obama, Fukui 917-8567, Japan |
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Abstract: | The objective of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of deglycyrrhizinated licorice root extracts (DG-LRE) against Streptococcus mutans UA159 in both the planktonic and biofilm phases by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration, and by performing time-kill kinetic, growth, adhesion, and biofilm assays. The cell toxicity of DG-LRE on normal human gingival fibroblast (NHGF) cells was tested using a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. This study showed that DG-LRE had strong antimicrobial activity against S. mutans in the planktonic phase with little cytotoxic effect on NHGF cells. In addition, DG-LRE significantly inhibited biofilm formation by S. mutans UA159 at concentrations over 4 μg/ml for glucose or 16 μg/ml for sucrose, respectively, regardless of the presence of saliva-coating. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to provide evidence that DG-LRE demonstrates antimicrobial activity against S. mutans. These results suggest that DG-LRE can be used in developing oral hygiene products, such as gargling solution and dentifrice to prevent human dental caries. |
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