Genome mining reveals the evolutionary origin and biosynthetic potential of basidiomycete polyketide synthases |
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| Authors: | Gerald Lackner Mathias Misiek Jana Braesel Dirk Hoffmeister |
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| Affiliation: | 1. INBIOTEC, Instituto de Biotecnología de León, Avda. Real n°. 1, Parque Científico de León, 24006 León, Spain;2. Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain;1. College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China;2. School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China |
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| Abstract: | Numerous polyketides are known from bacteria, plants, and fungi. However, only a few have been isolated from basidiomycetes. Large scale genome sequencing projects now help anticipate the capacity of basidiomycetes to synthesize polyketides. In this study, we identified and annotated 111 type I and three type III polyketide synthase (PKS) genes from 35 sequenced basidiomycete genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of PKS genes suggests that all main types of fungal iterative PKS had already evolved before the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota diverged. A comparison of genomic and metabolomic data shows that the number of polyketide genes exceeds the number of known polyketide structures by far. Exploiting these results to design degenerate PCR primers, we amplified and cloned the complete sequence of armB, a PKS gene from the melleolide producer Armillaria mellea. We expect this study will serve as a guide for future genomic mining projects to discover structurally diverse mushroom-derived polyketides. |
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