Evolution and physiological consequences of de-alation in crickets |
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Authors: | Seiji Tanaka |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Insect Physiology and Behavior, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba, 305, Ibaraki, Japan
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Abstract: | Wing shedding or de-alation is a common phenomenon among crickets. Its significance and effects on other traits were examined based on the results from experiments using artifical or natural de-alation. Artificial de-alation at adult emergence induces rapid egg production and flight muscle histolysis in several species examined. However, natural de-alation does not always shorten the pre-ovipositional period because it does not occur immediately after adult emergence and because oviposition starts before de-alation. In some cases, naturally de-alated females produce more eggs than to intact females during early adult life, but peak ovipositing activity occurs before de-alation. Therefore, retention of the hindwings does not suppress high ovipositing activity in such cases. It appears that de-alation is a result rather than a causal factor in ending migration. Ovarian development and flight muscle histolysis, which can be stimulated by de-alation, are controlled by the jevenile hormone, but the mechanism inducing de-alation remains unknown. The possible factors leading to the evolution of de-alation are discussed. |
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Keywords: | De-alation flight muscle ovarian development resource allocation wing polymorphism crickets |
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