鹳形目12种鸟类核c-mos 基因和线粒体12S rRNA基因序列分析及其系统发生研究

鹳形目鸟类的传统分类一直存在分歧,而近期的分子系统学研究大多只用单个基因,其结论的可信度需要进一步验证.本文通过核c-mos基因和线粒体12S rRNA基因序列分别和合并分析,采用分子系统学方法探讨了鹳形目6科12种鸟类的系统发生关系.文中测出鹳形目鸟类6种核c-mos基因的片断序列,结合来自Genebank的其他种类的c-mos和12S rRNA基因序列,分别经Clustal W软件对位排列后,以原鸡为外类群用最大似然法、邻接法和最大简约法建立系统树.系统树分析表明, 鹳形目6科之间的系统发生关系总结为：（鹭科,（（鹮科,美洲鹫科）,（鹳科,（鲸头鹳科,锤头鹳科））））.鹭科7个属之间的系统发生关系总结为：（麻（开鸟）属（夜鹭属（池鹭属（苍鹭属（中白鹭属（白鹭属,大白鹭属））））））.分别基于两个单基因的系统树有一定差异,而基于合并数据的系统树支持率和分辨率都高于基于单基因的系统树,表明使用在遗传上相对独立的分子数据合并建立系统树有较高的可信度和分辨率,是一种更好的研究方法.

Phylogenetic Relationship among Ciconiifomes Inferred from Nuclear C-mos Gene and Mitochondial 12S rRNA Gene Sequences

The evolutionary history of Ciconiiformes still remained controversy.Morphological,ecological studies had not draw a consensus conclusion.The recent phylogenetic studies were mostly based on a single gene.In present study,we tried to assess phylogeny among 12 species of Ciconiifomes based on analysis of the nuclear c-mos gene and mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene sequences.C-mos genes of 6 Ciconiifomes species were sequenced,and analyzed with other c-mos and 12S rRNA gene sequences from Genebank.Employing Gallus gallus as outgroup,we reconstructed phylogenies of Ciconiifomes inferred from the tow gene respectively and from the combined sequences of the tow genes,following maximum-likelihood,neighbor-joining and maximum-parsimony method.The result showed that Balaenicipitidae and Scopidae clustered together and then clustered with Ciconiidae;Threskiornithidae and Cathartidae clustered together;Ardeidae was a single lineage.The results suggest that the phylogenetic relationship in the family Ardeidae could be summed up as the following:(Botaurus(Nycticorax(Ardeola(Ardea(Mesophoyx(Egretta,Casmerodius)))))).The phylogenetic trees based respectively on the two genes have some differences.The phylogenetic trees based on the combined sequences of the tow genes have more significant results and higher bootstrap values.The results suggest it is necessary to construct phylogenies inferred from combined gene sequences.