Recent advances in the understanding of Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri pathogenesis and citrus canker disease management |
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Authors: | Christopher M. Ference Alberto M. Gochez Franklin Behlau Nian Wang James H. Graham Jeffrey B. Jones |
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Affiliation: | 1. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, US Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA;2. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;3. Citrus Pathology, EEA INTA Bella Vista, Bella Vista, Corrientes 3432, Argentina;4. Department of Research & Development, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus), Araraquara, S?o Paulo 14.807‐040, Brazil;5. Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA;6. Department of Soil and Water Science, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA |
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Abstract: | Taxonomic status : Bacteria; Phylum Proteobacteria; Class Gammaproteobacteria; Order Xanthomonadales; Family Xanthomonadaceae; Genus Xanthomonas; Species Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri (Xcc). Host range : Compatible hosts vary in their susceptibility to citrus canker (CC), with grapefruit, lime and lemon being the most susceptible, sweet orange being moderately susceptible, and kumquat and calamondin being amongst the least susceptible. Microbiological properties : Xcc is a rod‐shaped (1.5–2.0 × 0.5–0.75 µm), Gram‐negative, aerobic bacterium with a single polar flagellum. The bacterium forms yellow colonies on culture media as a result of the production of xanthomonadin. Distribution : Present in South America, the British Virgin Islands, Africa, the Middle East, India, Asia and the South Pacific islands. Localized incidence in the USA, Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Tanzania, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Bangladesh. Widespread throughout Paraguay, Comoros, China, Japan, Malaysia and Vietnam. Eradicated from South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. Absent from Europe. |
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Keywords: | Asiatic citrus canker Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri |
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