海南岛南湾半岛野生猕猴的繁殖研究

1981-1985年,在海南岛南湾半岛开展了对野生猕猴种群繁殖的研究。猕猴的发情交配期为11月至次年3月,产仔期为4-8月,怀孕期约177天。3年中,有70%的性成熟母猴每年产1胎,其它的产2胎或1胎。在连续两年中产仔间隔294-441天,平均362±16天,自1978年以来,年均繁殖率为53.8-100%,平均77.8±13.85%。雄性成熟年龄为3-4岁;约38%的雌性在3.5岁时开始怀孕,4岁产仔。低等级的雌性生育较少,雄性猴离群,无任何雄性终身在群内称王,这些都可避免种群衰退,利于种群生长和发展的极好生物学对策。

STUDY ON THE REPRODUCTION OF RHESUS MONKEY IN NATURE AT NANWAN PENINSULA,HAINAN ISLAND

The rhesus monkey (Macaco mulatta) of free-ranging at Nanwan Peninsula of Hainan Island were researched on the reproduction in nature from 1981 to 1985. The season of oestrus and copulation lasted for four months from Nov.to next March. The birth period also lasted for four months from April to August and gestation about 177 days.About 70% monkeys reaching birth age reproduced every year and the others reproduced one or two times in three years. The intervals observaed between two births were 294 to 441 days (mean 362±16). From 1978, the reproduction rate was higher in one year and then lower in the next year by 53.8%-100%,(mean 77.8%). The females sex mature at three or four years old, about 38% of whieh were pregnant at 3.5 years old and gave birth at 4 years old. All the females can reproduced at five years old. The sex ratio of newborns was 1.37 + 0.70 (♀ : ♂) and its mortality rate very low.