Behavioural and neurophysiological responses ofSpodoptera littoralis to azadirachtin and a range of synthetic analogues |
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| Authors: | M. S. J. Simmonds W. M. Blaney S. V. Ley J. C. Anderson R. Banteli A. A. Denholm P. C. W. Green R. B. Grossman C. Gutteridge L. Jennens S. C. Smith P. L. Toogood A. Wood |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, TW9 3AB Kew, Surrey, UK;(2) Department of Biology, Birkbeck College, Malet Street, WC1E 7HX London, UK;(3) Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, UK;(4) Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, SW7 2AY London, UK |
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| Abstract: | The antifeedant activity of azadirachtin and 56 azadirachtin analogues, including 22,23-dihydroazalirachtin, against larvae ofSpodoptera littoralis was investigated using behavioural and electrophysiological bioassays. None of the analogues was as active as azadirachtin, although many showed significant antifeedant activity at high concentrations. The majority of the analogues stimulated a dose-dependent response from a neurone in the medial styloconic maxillary sensilla which correlated with the behavioural activity. Methylation of the hydroxy substitutions on the azadirachtin molecule usually resulted in a decrease in antifeedant activity, as did the addition of bulky groups to the dihydrofuran ring. |
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| Keywords: | azadirachtin azadirachtin analogues Spodoptera littoralis antifeedant behaviour electrophysiology |
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