秦岭药用真菌区系研究

旨在积累秦岭山区药用真菌资源的基础资料,同时,也是该地区野生真菌资源的开发、利用和保护前提。此次研究采用野外踏查、室内查对标本和校对相关文献资料的方法对秦岭山区药用真菌种质资源及其区系特点进行了初步的研究和探讨。结果显示,秦岭共有药用真菌196种,其中隶属于39科90属,含10种以上的科有4科,共107种,占全部种数的54.59%,分别为多孔菌科、红菇科、口蘑科和马勃科;含5种及5以上的属有8属,共5 9种,占总种数的30.09%,依次为红菇属、乳菇属、栓菌属、木层孔菌属、鬼伞属、马勃属、粘盖牛肝菌属、秃马勃属;从属的区系地理成分上可划分为广布成分(67.78%)、泛热带成分(4.44%)、热带亚洲-热带非洲成分(1.59%)和北温带成分(26.67%)4个分布型,其中以广布成分为主,表现典型温带区系特征。从其药理作用上分析,主要有抗癌、抗菌消炎、舒筋活络、止血、调节免疫力、养胃、补益等作用。

Officinal Fungal Flora in Qinling Mountainous Ranges

On-the-spot survey fieldwork,indoor check and comparison,and calibration with correlated references were adopted to initially study and investigate officinal fungal seed resources and flora features in Qinling Mountainous Ranges in order to accumulate their basic information,and provide prerequisite for development,utilization,and protection of wild fungal resources there.The results showed that altogether there were about 196 species of officinal fungi belonging to 39 families and 90 genera.There were 4 families each of them comprising over 10 species,and 107 species in total,accounting for 54.59% of the total species;they respectively were Polyporaceae,Russulaceae,Tricholomataceae,and Lycoperdaceae.There were 8 genera each of them comprising 5 and above species with total species of 59 accounting for 30.09% of total species;they successively were Russula,Lactarius,Trametes,Phellinus,Coprinus,Lycoperdon,Suillus,and Calvatia.The genera were grouped from geographical elements into: Cosmopolitan element(67.78%),Pantropical element(4.44%),Tropical Asia and Tropical Africa element(1.59%),and North Temperate element(26.67%) four distribution patterns.Cosmopolitan element was the main one,and showed as typical characteristics of North Temperate flora.Analysis from the role of pharmacology officinal fungi in Qinling Mountain mainly were anticancer,antimicrobial and inflammation allaying,stimulating the circulation of the blood and causing the muscles and joints to relax,homeostasis,immuno-regulation,stomach nourishing,and health improving etc.