Schistosomes: unanswered questions on the basic biology of the host-parasite relationship

As is the case in many parasite infections, research into schistosomiasis has not yet yielded a vaccine and, although chemotherapy with praziquantel is very effective, the mechanism of action of this drug is unknown. John Kusel and colleagues here suggest that an understanding of basic biological phenomena, such as the role of Ca(2+) in skin penetration and the function of the adult excretory system, might lead to important breakthroughs. Other crucial questions are also addressed, with the hope of stimulating debate. They invite suggestions and correspondence from others working in related fields.