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There are at least three genetically distinct small piroplasms from dogs |
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| Authors: | A M Kjemtrup A A Kocan L Whitworth J Meinkoth A J Birkenheuer J Cummings M K Boudreaux S L Stockham A Irizarry-Rovira P A Conrad |
| Institution: | a Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA b Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA c Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA d PSC 79 Box 21095, APO AP 96364-1095, Okinawa, Japan e Department of Pathobiology, 166 Greene Hall, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5519, USA f Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA g Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1243, USA |
| Abstract: | The 18S nuclear subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene of small piroplasms isolated from dogs from Okinawa (Japan), Oklahoma, North Carolina, Indiana, Missouri, and Alabama, was isolated and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences and comparisons with sequences from other Babesia, Cytauxzoon, and Theileria species revealed that all canine small babesial isolates, with the exception of isolates from California and Spain, were placed in a group containing the Babesia spp. sensu stricto. Within the Babesia spp. sensu stricto, there was support for separating the small canine piroplasms from the large canine piroplasm, Babesia canis. The isolate from California was in a distinct phylogenetic clade, closely related to babesial isolates from wildlife and humans from the Western US. The canine isolate from Spain was closely related to Babesia microti. These results suggest that there are multiple small piroplasm species in dogs. The isolates from the Midwestern and Eastern US and the one from Japan probably represent a single species with wide geographic distribution. |
| Keywords: | Babesia gibsoni Babesia canis 18S rRNA phylogeny Piroplasms Anaemia Protozoa Tick-transmitted Tick vector |
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