2001-2019年台风干扰下我国东南沿海地区植被抵抗力和恢复力评估

台风是影响我国陆地生态系统结构和功能的主要自然灾害之一,尤其对东南沿海地区植被具有明显的干扰效应。为深入了解台风对我国沿海地区植被的影响及其响应,基于MODIS增强型植被指数(Enhanced Vegetation Index, EVI)和叶面积指数(Leaf Area Index, LAI),分析了2001-2019年间不同等级的台风对植被EVI和LAI的影响,评估台风登陆时植被的抵抗力及台风过后植被的恢复力。结果表明:(1)2001-2019年间,共有70个台风登陆我国东南沿海地区,其中,台风(TY)、强台风(STY)与超强台风(SuperTY)的数量分别为35、26和9个。我国台湾省的台风登陆次数最多,为26个,其次为广东省(20个);(2)在整个研究区范围内,台风(TY)、强台风(STY)与超强台风(SuperTY) 登陆后的EVI净变化率分别为4.88%、-7.48%、-1.85%,LAI净变化率分别为22.28%、-65.70%、-17.60%;(3)在经历台风干扰后,沿海地区大部分植被可在3个月之内得到恢复,其中浙江省与广东省植被的恢复时间较长,海南省与台湾省植被的恢复时间较短。研究结果对我国沿海地区森林经营管理和生态环境保护具有重要意义。

Assessment of typhoon disturbance on the resistance and resilience of coastal vegetation in Southeastern China during 2001-2019

Typhoons have a profound influence on reshaping the fabric and functionality of terrestrial ecosystems within the expansive landscapes of China, especially the southeastern coast, where their disruption to coastal vegetation is notably pronounced. This study aims to unravel the intricate effects of typhoons on vegetation and delve into the responses within China''s coastal zones. Employing MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Leaf Area Index (LAI), we aim to explore vegetation resilience when facing varying typhoon categories and to elucidate the intricate dynamics of post-typhoon recovery spanning nearly two decades from 2001 to 2019. Over these 19 years, a total of 70 typhoons made landfall in the southeast coastal area of China. This formidable meteorological phenomenon, categorized as typhoons (TY), strong typhoons (STY), and super typhoons (SuperTY), numbered 35, 26, and 9, respectively. Taiwan was found to be the region most frequently impacted, weathering an impressive 26 typhoon landings, closely followed by Guangdong with 20. The net change rates in EVI and LAI follow the landfall of these various typhoon categories. Intriguingly, after Typhoon landfalls, the Enhanced Vegetation Index exhibited a net change rate of 4.88%. However, the story took a different turn with strong and super typhoons, resulting in net change rates of -7.48% and -1.85%, respectively. The patterns were even more pronounced in the leaf area index, where typhoons demonstrated a net change rate of 22.28%, while strong typhoons and super typhoons showed -65.70% and -17.60%, respectively. The aftermath of these typhoons unfolded a narrative of post-typhoon recovery dynamics. Across the entire study area, the majority of vegetation along the southeastern coast exhibited a remarkable capacity for restoration within a mere three months of the typhoon disturbance. However, within this broader trend, regional disparities were evident. Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces displayed lengthier recovery periods compared to their counterparts. On the other hand, the provinces of Hainan and Taiwan experienced relatively swift vegetation restoration. The implications of this study stretch far beyond the realms of scientific inquiry, shedding light on forest management and ecosystem conservation in China''s coastal regions. By providing a detailed understanding of the intricate patterns of vegetation response to typhoons, these findings form a solid foundation for informed decision-making in the face of natural disturbances. They contribute significantly to the overarching goal of enhancing the resilience and sustainability of China''s coastal ecosystems, underscoring the imperative of a proactive and adaptive approach to the challenges posed by these powerful meteorological events.