黄河流域资源型城市土地利用转型及其对生态系统服务价值的影响

分析快速城镇化背景下黄河流域资源型城市土地利用转型趋势,探讨该区域土地利用转型对生态系统服务价值的影响,为资源型城市实现绿色转型发展提供科学依据。运用ArcGIS空间分析方法探索研究区土地利用结构与时空转型格局,构建黄河流域资源型城市生态系统服务价值评估方法,分析不同类型和不同区域资源型城市生态系统服务价值变化情况,并进一步探究不同土地利用转型类型对生态系统服务价值的影响程度。研究结果表明：（1）20年来,伴随着快速的城镇化过程,黄河流域资源型城市发生了明显的土地利用转型,草地、耕地和林地相互转换规模较大,建设用地不断扩张,耕地则持续减少;（2）2020年,研究区生态系统服务价值总量为1.222万亿元,呈增长趋势,且形成"中部高-东西低"的空间格局;（3）各资源型城市生态系统服务价值量表现出北高南低、中高东低的空间格局,成熟型和再生型资源型城市以及中游地区资源型城市的单位面积生态系统服务价值较大;（4）草地、耕地和林地之间的相互转换是导致生态系统服务价值变化的主要转型类型。为提升黄河流域资源型城市生态系统服务价值,有效发挥生态系统功能,构建区域生态安全体系,首先,应严格落实国土空间用途管制制度,保持林地、草地和耕地的稳定性;其次,从严控制建设用地扩张趋势,减缓因建设占用耕地或生态用地导致生态系统服务价值损失;再次,稳步提高对未利用地的生态化利用效率;最后,积极探索提升资源型城市生态系统服务价值的差异化管理方案。

Land use transition of resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin and its impact on ecosystem services

This paper analyzes the trend of land use transition of resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin under the background of rapid urbanization, discusses the impact of land use transition on ecosystem service value in this region, and provides scientific basis for the realization of green transition and development of resource-based cities. The ArcGIS spatial analysis method is used to explore the transition of land use structure and spatio-temporal pattern, and the evaluation method of the ecosystem service value of the resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin is built to analyze the changes of the ecosystem service value of the resource-based cities in different types and regions. On this basis, the impact of different types of land use transition on the ecosystem service value is explored. The results show that:(1) in the past 20 years, along with the rapid urbanization process, the resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin have undergone obvious land use transition. The scale of grassland, cultivated land, and woodland conversion were large, the construction land was expanding, and the cultivated land was decreasing; (2) In 2020, the total value of ecosystem services in the study area was 1.222 trillion yuan, showing an increasing trend, and forming a spatial pattern of high in the middle-low in the east and west; (3) In city level, the ecosystem service value of resource-based cities showed a spatial pattern of high in the north and low in the south, high in the middle and low in the east. The ecosystem service value per unit area of mature and regenerative resource-based cities and resource-based cities in the midstream area were relatively high; (4) The mutual transition among grassland, cultivated land, and woodland were the main transition types leading to the change of ecosystem service value. In order to enhance the ecosystem service value of resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin, effectively play the role of the ecosystem, and build a regional ecological security system, first of all, the land space use control system should be implemented strictly, and the stability of forest land, grassland and cultivated land should be maintained; Secondly, the expansion trend of construction land should be strictly controlled, and the loss of ecosystem service value caused by the occupation of cultivated land or ecological land for construction should be slowed down; Thirdly, the ecological utilization efficiency of unused land should be steadily improved; Finally, the differentiated management scheme to enhance the ecosystem service value of resource-based cities should be actively explored.