屋顶绿化生态系统调节服务与政策效应研究综述

屋顶绿化作为基于自然解决方案的一种生态战略，可以有效缓解城市的一系列生态环境问题。为了更好的挖掘屋顶绿化在城市生态系统中的应用潜力，需要从屋顶绿化生态系统调节服务出发，全面且定量地认识屋顶绿化与城市生态系统的关联机制。阐述了屋顶绿化的构成要素，屋顶绿化生态系统调节服务的内在机制；回顾了屋顶绿化生态系统主要调节服务与政策推动建设效果；从屋顶绿化推行制约因素及生态系统调节服务研究等方面进行了展望。目前，屋顶绿化研究主要侧重于环境调节服务。在水环境调节方面，当前多针对屋顶绿化的水环境调节功能开展研究，还需进一步从屋顶绿化生态系统水循环的角度探究，明确屋顶绿化在什么条件下是径流的污染源。在热环境调控方面，多数研究集中在量化屋顶绿化对城市热环境的影响，而驱动屋顶绿化降温效应的内在机制与城市热环境调节服务之间的定量联系还尚需深入研究。在建筑能耗方面，目前仍然缺乏建筑物的能源性能建模所需的屋顶绿化物理参数，需要基于长时间观测数据构建能量传输模型，从建筑-基质-植被-大气耦合的角度，综合研究屋顶绿化能量流动的过程与机制，明晰屋顶绿化与裸露屋顶之间的能量流动差异。在政策推动效应方面，我国屋顶绿化政策类型相对单一，缺乏覆盖整个屋顶绿化生命周期的推广政策。建议多维度、大范围的推动屋顶绿化建设，以期更好的改善城市生境。

Green roof ecosystem regulation service and policy promotion: a systematic review

As an ecological strategy of nature-based solution, green roofs can effectively alleviate a series of ecological environmental problems in urban cities. In order to better tap the application potential of green roofs in urban ecosystem, it is necessary to comprehensively and quantitatively understand the correlation mechanism between green roof and urban ecosystem starting from the regulation services of green roofs. Therefore, this paper firstly expounds the composition of green roofs, the internal mechanism of green roof ecosystem functions, reviews the green roof ecosystem functions and policy promotion effects and the prospect is put forward from the research status of the green roof ecosystem function and the policy promotion effect. The research field of green roof mainly focuses on the service effect of environmental regulation. In terms of water environment regulation, most studies are about the water environment regulation function of green roofs. It is necessary to further explore from the perspective of the water cycle of green roof ecosystems, and to clarify under what circumstances green roofs are runoff pollution sources. A problem that needs to be solved urgently. In terms of thermal environment regulation, most studies focus on quantifying the impact of green roofs on urban thermal environment, and there is still a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism driving the cooling effect of green roofs, which is also one of the difficulties in the study of thermal environment regulation functions. In terms of building energy consumption, the physical parameters of green roofs required for building energy performance modeling are still lacking. It is necessary to construct an energy transfer model from long-term observation data to clarify the energy flow difference between green roofs and bare roofs. From the perspective of building-substrate-vegetation-atmosphere, we need to comprehensively study the process mechanism of green roof energy flow, and clarify the difference between actual building energy consumption and simulated energy consumption. In terms of policy promotion effect, policy promotion is the main driving factor for the popularization of green roof. Compared with Europe and the United States, the promotion of roof greening policies in my country is relatively single, and there is a lack of promotion policies covering the entire roof greening life cycle. We can learn from Europe and the United States to promote the construction of roof greening in multiple dimensions and on a large scale, and increase promotion efforts, in order to improve the urban environment.