不同光质LED光源对草莓光合特性、产量及品质的影响

以‘妙香7号’草莓品种为材料，利用LED精量调制光源，设红光、蓝光、黄光、白光、红/蓝/黄(7/2/1)、红/蓝(7/2) 5个处理，以白光为对照，测定了草莓叶片的光合与荧光参数、色素含量、果实产量、品质和根系活力指标，研究 500 μmol·m^-2·s^-1光强下不同光质处理对草莓光合特性、果实产量及品质的影响.结果表明： 红光处理有利于提高草莓叶片的净光合速率与蒸腾速率，而蓝光有减弱作用；气孔导度与胞间CO₂浓度均以蓝光处理效果最为显著.叶绿素荧光参数(F_o、F_m、Φ_PSⅡ)均在红光处理下最大，而F_v/F_m、F_v/F_o、F_m/F_o均在红/蓝/黄处理下最大；红/蓝/黄处理下草莓色素含量、果实产量和根系活力均显著高于其他处理.红光处理的可溶性固形物和维生素C含量均最高，且与红/蓝/黄处理差异不显著；蓝光处理有利于提高可滴定酸和蛋白质含量，而红/蓝/黄处理的固酸比最大.红/蓝/黄处理最有利于增加光合色素含量，提高果实产量，促进部分品质改善.

Effects of different LED light qualities on photosynthetic characteristics,fruit production and quality of strawberry

Taking ‘Miaoxiang No.7’ strawberry as material, full red light, full blue light, full yellow light, full white light, red/blue/yellow (7/2/1), red/blue (7/2) light generated by light emitting diode (LED) was applied to accurately modulate with white light generated as control. The indicators of photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters, pigment content, fruit production and quality, root activity were investigated. The effects of light quality under the light intensity (500 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) on the photosynthetic characteristic, fruit production and quality of strawberry were studied. The results showed that the red light could increase photosynthetic parameters (P_n, T_r), while blue light had inhibitory effect. Intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) and conductance (g_s) were the highest under blue light. The fluorescence parameters were significantly affected by light quality, F_o, F_m and Φ_PSⅡ the highest under red light, but values of the maximal photochemical of PSⅡ (F_v/F_m), F_v/F_o and F_m/F_o highest under red/blue/yellow (7/2/1). In addition, the soluble solids content and vitamin C were highest under red light, the blue light could increase protein and titratable acid, sugar acid ratio was the highest under red/blue/yellow (7/2/1). Comprehensive analysis indicated that red/blue/yellow (7/2/1) was more beneficial to the increase of pigment contents of leaves, fruit production and some qualities of strawberry.