Phagostimulatory sugars enhance uptake and horizontal transfer of hexaflumuron in the western subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Western subterranean termite, Reticulitermes hesperus Banks (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), workers fed more on paper disks treated with the carbohydrates xylose, ribose, and fructose than on untreated disks. This feeding behavior of termites for certain carbohydrates was used to demonstrate an increase in the uptake and transfer of the insect growth regulator hexaflumuron among termites. The addition of 3% xylose to paper disks significantly increased the uptake of 14C]hexaflumuron and its subsequent transfer to other termites. Similarly, there was a significant increase in mortality of termites fed on paper disks treated with 14C]hexaflumuron (0.1 and 0.5%) in combination with 3% xylose for similar time periods compared with termites feeding on 14C]hexaflumuron (0.1 and 0.5%) alone. Overall percentage of mortality of termites feeding on 14C]hexaflumuron in combination with 3% xylose during the duration of the study (25-30 d) was approximately equal to 70%.