Effects of dietary aluminum source and concentration on mineral status of feeder lambs |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Shanghai Institute of Micro-System and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;2. Hangzhou Dianzi Univ, Coll Mat & Environm Engn, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4. Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68131, United States;2. Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States |
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| Abstract: | A 100 d experiment was conducted to determine the effects of aluminum (Al) source and concentration on mineral status, emphasizing phosphorus (P), of 50 feeder lambs. Six treatments, fed at 10% of the total diet, were formulated using two sources of Al, AlCl3 and an Al-based water treatment residual (WTR, 11.1% Al), with varying levels of Al and P: (1) control (10% sand, C), (2) low WTR (2.5% WTR and 7.5% sand, L-WTR), (3) AlCl3 with added P (1% AlCl3, 9% sand, and 0.4% P, AlCl3 + P), (4) high WTR (10% WTR, H-WTR), (5) AlCl3 (1% AlCl3 and 9% sand, AlCl3), and (6) high WTR with added P (10% WTR and 0.4% P, H-WTR + P). The total Al varied from 0.037 to 1.2% among diets. Only lambs fed the high WTR diet without P supplementation (H-WTR) decreased feed intakes. These lambs consumed about half as much feed as lambs on all the other treatments, and had lower (P < 0.05) BW from d 84 on. Lambs receiving the H-WTR had the lowest bone Ca, P and Mg concentrations (fresh basis, mg/cm3) and lowest bone mineral content (BMC) as determined by radiographs (mm of Al). Results for the lambs on H-WTR were confounded by the greatly reduced feed intake of animals on this treatment. Plasma P decreased in all lambs consuming Al, regardless of Al source, but the effects were less severe in animals provided additional P supplementation (AlCl3 + P and H-WTR + P). Apparent absorption of P was affected by concentration and source of Al in two metabolism trials (n = 42) beginning on d 34 and d 70, respectively. In the first trial, d 34, lambs receiving AlCl3 treatment had reduced apparent P absorption, ?17.7% (P < 0.05), when compared to all other treatments. In the d 70 trial, lambs receiving both AlCl3 and H-WTR treatments were negatively impacted (P < 0.05) compared to the control, ?20.9 and ?2.5% apparent P absorption, respectively, but were no longer different from one another (P > 0.05). Diets containing 1.2% Al as WTR without P supplementation depressed feed intakes, weight gains, plasma P concentrations (P < 0.05), and BMC. However, given adequate P supplementation, even lambs consuming this amount of Al did not suffer detrimental effects, as lambs on H-WTR + P did not differ from the control (P > 0.05) in feed intakes, weight gains, or BMC. |
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