Evolution of Wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility in Drosophila simulans and D. sechellia |
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Authors: | Charlat Sylvain Nirgianaki Androniki Bourtzis Kostas Merçot Hervé |
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Affiliation: | Institut Jacques Monod, Laboratoire Dynamique du Génome et Evolution, CNRS-Universités Paris 6 et 7, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France;Institut Jacques Monod, Laboratoire Dynamique du Génome et Evolution, CNRS-Universités Paris 6 et 7, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France E-mail:;Insect Molecular Genetics Group, IMBB, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, PO Box 1527, Greece;Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece E-mail:;Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina, 30100 Agrinio, Greece;Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina, 30100 Agrinio, Greece E-mail: |
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Abstract: | Abstract.— The intracellular bacterium Wolbachia invades arthropod host populations through various mechanisms, the most common of which being cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). CI involves elevated embryo mortality when infected males mate with uninfected females or females infected with different, incompatible Wolbachia strains. The present study focuses on this phenomenon in two Drosophila species: D. simulans and D. sechellia . Drosophila simulans populations are infected by several Wolbachia strains, including w Ha and w No. Drosophila sechellia is infected by only two Wolbachia : w Sh and w Sn. In both Drosophila species, double infections with Wolbachia are found. As indicated by several molecular markers, w Ha is closely related to w Sh, and w No to w Sn. Furthermore, the double infections in the two host species are associated with closely related mitochondrial haplotypes, namely si I (associated with w Ha and w No in D. simulans ) and se (associated with w Sh and w Sn in D. sechellia ). To test the theoretical prediction that Wolbachia compatibility types can diverge rapidly, we injected w Sh and w Sn into D. simulans , to compare their CI properties to those of their sister strains w Ha and w No, respectively, in the same host genetic background. We found that within each pair of sister strains CI levels were similar and that sister strains were fully compatible. We conclude that the short period for which the Wolbachia sister strains have been evolving separated from each other was not sufficient for their CI properties to diverge significantly. |
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Keywords: | Cytoplasmic incompatibility Drosophila endocellular bacteria evolution symbiosis Wolbachia |
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