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Amino acid composition of zein molecular components
Authors:Elisabetta Gianazza  Vittorio Viglienghi  Pier Giorgio Righetti  Francesco Salamini  Carlo Soave
Affiliation:1. Department of Biochemistry, University of Milano, Via Celoria 2, Milano 20133 Italy;2. Istituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura, Bergamo 24100 Italy;3. Laboratorio Biosintesi Vegetali del C.N.R., Via Celoria 2, Milano 20133, Italy
Abstract:Zein extracted from maize endosperm has been fractionated into four polypeptide chains, having the following MWs 23 000, 21 000, 13 500 and 9600. By amino acid analysis the two smaller MW chains (representing 30% of total zeins) have been found to be zein-type molecules. These two chains are thought to be responsible for zein granule formation via -S-S- bridges. Zein is also highly heterogeneous in charge, and is resolved into at least 15 components, with pI's in the pH range 5–9. As demonstrated by amino acid analysis, part of this heterogeneity is due to spot mutations in some of the genes responsible for zein synthesis.
Keywords:Gramineae  maize  protein bodies  zein  amino acid composition  isoelectric focusing.
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