黑龙江省通河乌龙狩猎场野猪冬季食性的初步研究

野生动物食性的研究，在野生动物保护和管理方面具有重要的基础理论意义。野猪（Sus scrofa）是一种经济价值较高的有蹄类动物。国内对野猪食性的报道，仅见综述性献（巫露平，1980；李振营和罗泽殉，1983；杨伯然，1984），野猪食性方面的研究尚未多见；国外对野猪食性的研究主要集中在食物组成的定量分析和食物营养质量的评价（Eriksson and Petrov，1995；Foumier-chambrillon et al．，1995；朝日念，1985）。因此，作从2000～2001年，分别在黑龙江省通河乌龙狩猎场收集粪样，利用粪便显微组织学分析方法并结合野外掘食痕迹对野猪冬季食性进行了初步研究。

Winter Food Habits of Wild Boars in Tonghe, Heilongjiang Province

We studied winter food-habits of wild boars (Sus scrofa) by using micro-histological fecal analyses in combination with field surveys of feeding sign in the Wulong Hunting area of Tonghe,Heilongjiang Province, during the winters of 2000 and 2001. The major winter foods of wild boars included Pteridophytes and the fruits,branches and leaves of other plants. Equisetum hiemale was the main food and accounted for 41.7%. Other food components, such as Pinus koraiensis, Populus spp., Juglans mandshurica, Quercus mongolica, Padus asiatica, and Corylus heterophlla accounted for 10.5%, 10.2%, 9.3%, 5.3%, 4.0%, and 4.0%, respectively. The concentrations of crude fat and crude protein of the food plants showed a peak in November, then decreased and became lowest in February, then increased slightly in March. The mean concentrations of crude fat and crude protein were 9.6% and 10.2%,respectively.