光敏核不育水稻幼穗的乙烯生成与育性转换

研究了在不同光温组合下光敏核不育水稻（ＰＧＭＲ）农垦５８５（ＮＫ５８Ｓ）及普通水稻品种农垦５８（ＮＫ５８Ｂ）的幼穗乙烯生物合成变化及其与育性表达的关系。结果表明ＮＫ５８Ｓ幼穗乙烯生成受光周期和温度的共同调节，而光周期对ＮＫ５８Ｂ幼穗乙烯生成无明显影响。ＮＫ５８Ｓ幼穗乙烯生成的变化与育性转换光温作用模式完全吻合。其幼穗乙烯释放速率（ＥＲＲ）与花粉可育度（ｌｎｙ）呈极显著负相关。用ＡＶＧ抑制乙烯生成可使ＮＫ５８Ｓ（ＬＤ）不育性明显逆转，而用ＡＣＣ促进乙烯生成又可急剧降低ＮＫ５８Ｓ（ＳＤ）的可育水平。表明幼穗乙烯生成与ＰＧＭＲ育性表达密切相关，乙烯参与育性转换的调控并可能起着重要作用。

Ethylene Biosynthysis of Photoperiod-sensitive Genic Male-ster-ile Rice and Fertility Alteration

The changes of ethylene biosynth ysis in young panicles of PGMR (photoperiod-sensitive genie male-sterilerice) cv. Nongken58S (NK58S)and itsnormal parent line cv. Nongken58(NK58B) and the relationship betweenethylene biosynthysis and fertility expression of PGMR under different photoperiod-temperature conditions werestudied. The results showed that ethylene biosynthysis in young panicles ofNK58S was regulated jointly by photoperiod and temperature, but it wasnot influenced significantly by photoperiod in those of NK58B (Tables 1, 2).The changes in rate of ethylene biosynthysis in the young panicles of NK58Scoincided very well with the model ofphotoperiod -- temperature -- reaction induced PGMR fertility alteration(Table 3 ). A significant negative correlation was found between ethylene release rate (ERR) of young panicles ofNK58S and the corresponding pollenfertility (Fig. 1 ). When plants weretreated with AVG (aminoethoxy vinylglycine) to retard ethylene biosynthesis, the sterility of NK58S (LD) wasobviously reversed; while in the plantstreated with ACC (1-amino-cyclopane 1-carboxylic acid) to stimulate ethylenebiosynthesis, the fertility level ofNK58S (SD) decreased sharply (Table4 ). It is concluded that ethylenebiosynthesis is closty correlated with thefertility expression of PGMR, andethylene plays a major role in the regulation of fertility alteration of NK58S.