An Evaluation of Risk Factors in Pregnant Women with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Candida</Emphasis> Vaginitis and the Diagnostic Value of Simultaneous Vaginal and Rectal Sampling |
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Authors: | Ahmet Bar?? Guzel Macit Ilkit Refik Burgut ?brahim Ferhat Urunsak Fatma Tuncay Ozgunen |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey;(2) Division of Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cukurova, Adana, 01330, Turkey;(3) Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey; |
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Abstract: | In this study, we investigated the epidemiological characteristics of VVC among pregnant women. We conducted a prospective
survey among 372 pregnant women to investigate the prevalence, clinical forms, etiological agents, and predisposing factors
of VVC. In addition, we determined the relationship between vaginal and rectal flora by simultaneously obtaining one high
vaginal swab and one rectal swab from each patient using sterile cotton-tipped swabs. Furthermore, we compared the recovery
and identification performances of chromID Candida agar to Sabouraud dextrose agar with gentamicin and chloramphenicol. Clinically
and mycologically confirmed cases of VVC were detected in 139 (37.4%) and vaginal colonization described in 42 (11.3%) of
372 pregnant women. Rectal cultures were also positive in 98 of the 139 (70.5%) VVC cases. Candida albicans and C. glabrata were identified in vaginal samples in 58.0 versus 19.0% and from rectal samples in 49.0 versus 13.5%, respectively. Increases
in gestational week and gravidae were identified to be statistically significant in patients with acute VVC (AVVC) and symptomatic
recurrent VVC (RVVC), and asymptomatic RVVC (P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively). In the laboratory diagnosis of VVC, specifically tailored chromogenic media are reliable tools for
both the recovery and rapid identification of common Candida spp., particularly C. albicans, as well as for the detection of polyfungal populations in vaginal samples (P > 0.05). In addition, rectal colonization is a common finding in cases of AVVC and symptomatic-RVVC cases and corresponds
well with the presence of the same yeast species in the vagina. |
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