药用美洲大蠊氨基酸和维生素含量分析

以人工饲养条件下不同发育阶段的美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana为材料,测定了其氨基酸和维生素的含量。结果表明,美洲大蠊各虫态均含有18种氨基酸,氨基酸总量为23. 27%～29. 44%,人体必需氨基酸含量占44. 04%～49. 55%,优于联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织推荐的40%的标准,属于优质蛋白质资源。与成虫期相比,若虫期氨基酸含量较高,色氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸和甘氨酸较为丰富。所检测的5种维生素中,维生素E含量最高,刚蜕皮成虫及雌成虫含量均超过12 mg·kg^-1。美洲大蠊相关产品促睡眠、抗氧化功能可能与其富含色氨酸、谷氨酸和维生素E有关。

Analysis of Amino Acids and Vitamins in Medicinal Periplaneta americana

In this paper,the content of amino acids and vitamins was determined by using the American cockroach( Periplaneta americana) at different developmental stages under artificial breeding conditions.The results show that all the tested stages of P.americana contain 18 kinds of amino acids,and the total amount of amino acids ranges from 23.27% to 29.44%.The essential amino acid content is 44.04%-49.55% of the total,and this is higher than the 40% standard recommended by WHO/FAO.Therefore,P.americana belongs to the quality complete protein resource.Compared with the adult stage,P.americana at the nymph stage has higher amino acid content and more abundant tryptophan,glutamic acid,alanine,aspartic acid and glycine.Among the 5 tested vitamins,the content of vitamin E is the highest( about 12 mg·kg-1) in newly molted adult and female adults.The rich content of tryptophan,glutamic acid and vitamin E in P.americana may contribute to the sleep promotion and antioxidant efficacies of P.americana-related products.