溶磷微生物在土壤磷循环中的作用研究进展

磷是生物分子中的重要元素，是陆地生态系统初级生产的主要限制因子之一。全球粮食需求的增加和现代农业对磷肥的消耗导致集约农田中磷的过量输入，进而引起土壤磷流失的增加和地表水的持续富营养化。溶磷微生物(phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, PSMs)被认为是可以提高农业生产力的生态友好型肥料，在改善土壤肥力方面有重要意义。全面和深入理解PSMs功能及其在磷的土壤生物化学转化过程中的作用，对提高土壤磷有效性有至关重要的作用。本文系统综述了PSMs的种类和分布多样性，主要参与微生物磷循环的功能基因，以及PSMs如何参与土壤磷循环和这些过程背后的反应机制，以便更好地认识PSMs能力及其在土壤磷循环中的作用，以便于在未来的应用中发挥更大的潜力。

Role of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms in soil phosphorus cycle: a review

Phosphorus is a vital element in biomolecules and one of the main limiting nutrients for primary production of terrestrial ecosystems. Increasing global food demand and modern agricultural consumption of phosphate fertilizers have led to excessive inputs of phosphate to intensively managed fields, causing increased soil phosphate loss and continued eutrophication of surface waters. Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) are considered as eco-friendly manure that can enhance agricultural productivity and play an important role in improving soil fertility. It is crucial to increase the availability of soil phosphorus that comprehensively and in-depth comprehend the function of PSMs and their role in soil biochemical transformation of phosphorus. This paper systematically reviewed species and distribution diversity of PSMs, functional genes mainly involved in microbial phosphorus cycling process, processes of PSMs involving in soil phosphorus biogeochemical cycling, and the reaction mechanism behind these processes, to better understand the ability of PSMs and make full of them in the future.