功能代谢组学技术在微生物研究中的应用

功能代谢组学是以代谢组学技术发现关键代谢物为基础，结合体内体外实验和分子生物学等技术手段，研究差异代谢物及相关蛋白、酶和基因的功能，从而揭示生物体内在的分子调控机制。功能代谢组学技术具有精准识别关键调控代谢物及其相关基因或酶的特性，近年来在微生物相关疾病的防控和工业化生产等方面受到了广泛的关注。本文介绍了功能代谢组学技术的分析流程、相关研究方法与平台及其在微生物研究方面的应用，其中重点阐述了真核、原核以及病毒微生物的代谢特性、调控靶点及相关防控策略等。最后，提出功能代谢组学研究在未来面临的问题与挑战，为后续功能代谢组学的研究与发展提供新的思路。

Application of functional metabolomics in microbiological studies

Functional metabolomics studies the functions of differential metabolites and related proteins, enzymes, and genes by metabolomics tools, in vitro and in vivo experiments, and molecular techniques based on the discovery of key metabolites, so as to reveal the molecular regulation mechanism in organisms. Being capable of accurately identifying the key regulatory metabolites and the related genes or enzymes, functional metabolomics has received extensive attention in the prevention and control of microorganism-induced diseases and the industrial production. This article introduces the research process, methods, and platforms of functional metabolomics and the application of this technology in microbial research, with focus on the metabolic characteristics, regulatory targets, and related prevention and control strategies of eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses. Finally, we put forward the problems and challenges in the research of functional metabolomics, aiming to provide new ideas for the follow-up study and the development of functional metabolomics.