量子点在生物医学中的应用

半导体量子点是无机纳米结晶，构成于硒化镉核心和硫化锌外壳.这种荧光标记物的发射光强是常用有机荧光染料的20倍，稳定性是其100倍.量子点的发射波长取决于核心粒子的大小，而每一种单色量子点的发射波长窄而对称.这些光学特性使量子点在医学诊断、药物的高速筛选以及基因和蛋白质的高通量分析方面具有广泛的应用前景.基于量子点的稳定性和生物相容性，有可能通过标记不同颜色的量子点到不同的分子，观察它们在活细胞内的运动.

Applications of Quantum Dots to Biological Medicine

Semiconductor quantum dots(QDs)are inorganic nanocrystals consisted of a cadmium selenide (CdSe) core which was wrapped in an outer shell of zinc sulfide (ZnS). In comparison with common organic dyes, this class of fluorescent labels is 20 times as bright, 100 times as stable against photobleaching. The emission wavelength of QDs was controlled by the size of the core and each single color of QDs has narrow symmetrical emission peak. These advantages of the optical properties make them broad applications in medical diagnosis,high speed screening drugs and high throughput analysis of genes and proteins. Based on the stability and biocompatibility of the QDs, it is possible to make movies of long term interaction of biological molecules in a living cell by tagging each biomolecule with different color of QDs.