NADH- vs NADPH-coupled reduction of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and its implications on product distribution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
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Authors: | João R M Almeida Anja Röder Tobias Modig Boaz Laadan Gunnar Lidén Marie-F Gorwa-Grauslund |
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Institution: | Department of Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. |
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Abstract: | Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol dehydrogenases responsible for NADH-, and NADPH-specific reduction of the furaldehydes 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural (HMF)
and furfural have previously been identified. In the present study, strains overexpressing the corresponding genes (mut-ADH1 and ADH6), together with a control strain, were compared in defined medium for anaerobic fermentation of glucose in the presence and
absence of HMF. All strains showed a similar fermentation pattern in the absence of HMF. In the presence of HMF, the strain
overexpressing ADH6 showed the highest HMF reduction rate and the highest specific ethanol productivity, followed by the strain overexpressing
mut-ADH1. This correlated with in vitro HMF reduction capacity observed in the ADH6 overexpressing strain. Acetate and glycerol yields per biomass increased considerably in the ADH6 strain. In the other two
strains, only the overall acetate yield per biomass was affected. When compared in batch fermentation of spruce hydrolysate,
strains overexpressing ADH6 and mut-ADH1 had five times higher HMF uptake rate than the control strain and improved specific ethanol productivity. Overall, our results
demonstrate that (1) the cofactor usage in the HMF reduction affects the product distribution, and (2) increased HMF reduction
activity results in increased specific ethanol productivity in defined mineral medium and in spruce hydrolysate. |
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Keywords: | ADH1 ADH6 Hydroxymethyl furfural Saccharomyces cerevisiae Lignocellulosic hydrolysate |
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