Olfactory and behavioural responses of tsetse flies, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Glossina</Emphasis> spp., to rumen metabolites |
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Authors: | Vincent Harraca Z Syed P M Guerin |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, Case Postale 158, 2009 Neuchatel, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | Herbivores provide tsetse flies with a blood meal, and both wild and domesticated ruminants dominate as hosts. As volatile
metabolites from the rumen are regularly eructed with rumen gas, these products could serve tsetse flies during host searching.
To test this, we first established that the odour of rumen fluid is attractive to hungry Glossina
pallidipes in a wind tunnel. We then made antennogram recordings from three tsetse species (G. pallidipes morsitans group, G. fuscipes palpalis group and G. brevipalpis fusca group) coupled to gas chromatographic analysis of rumen fluid odour and of its acidic, mildly acidic and neutral fractions.
This shows tsetse flies can detect terpenes, ketones, carboxylic acids, aliphatic aldehydes, sulphides, phenols and indoles
from this biological substrate. A mixture of carboxylic acids at a ratio similar to that present in rumen fluid induced behavioural
responses from G. pallidipes in the wind tunnel that were moderately better than the solvent control. The similarities in the sensory responses of the
tsetse fly species to metabolites from ruminants demonstrated in this study testify to a contribution of habitat exploitation
by these vertebrates in the Africa-wide distribution of tsetse. |
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Keywords: | Tsetse flies Sensory physiology Rumen metabolites Olfaction Behaviour |
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