Calmodulin-like Proteins from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis</Emphasis> and Tomato are Involved in Host Defense Against <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas syringae</Emphasis> pv. <Emphasis Type="Italic">tomato</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | David?Chiasson Sophia?K?Ekengren Gregory?B?Martin Stephanie?L?Dobney Email author" target="_blank">Wayne?A?SneddenEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, Queen’s University, K7L 3N6 Kingston, ON, Canada;(2) Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;(3) Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA |
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Abstract: | Complex signal transduction pathways underlie the myriad plant responses to attack by pathogens. Ca2+ is a universal second messenger in eukaryotes that modulates various signal transduction pathways through stimulus-specific
changes in its intracellular concentration. Ca2+-binding proteins such as calmodulin (CaM) detect Ca2+ signals and regulate downstream targets as part of a coordinated cellular response to a given stimulus. Here we report the
characterization of a tomato gene (APR134) encoding a CaM-related protein that is induced in disease-resistant leaves in response to attack by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. We show that suppression of APR134 gene expression in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), compromises the plant’s immune response. We isolated APR134-like genes from Arabidopsis, termed CML42 and CML43, to investigate whether they serve a functionally similar role. Gene expression analysis revealed that CML43 is rapidly induced in disease-resistant Arabidopsis leaves following inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Overexpression of CML43 in Arabidopsis accelerated the hypersensitive response. Recombinant APR134, CML42, and CML43 proteins all bind Ca2+ in vitro. Collectively, our data support a role for CML43, and APR134 as important mediators of Ca2+-dependent signals during the plant immune response to bacterial pathogens.
This work was supported by a research grant (WAS) and postgraduate scholarships (DC, SLD) from the Natural Science and Engineering
Research Council of Canada, the National Science Foundation (IBN-0109633; GBM), and the Swedish Research Council (SKE). |
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Keywords: | Arabidopsis calcium calmodulin plant defense response tomato |
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