Response characteristics of inferior colliculus neurons of the awake CF-FM batRhinolophus ferrumequinum

Summary The responses of 230 single neurons in the inferior colliculus of the horseshoebat to single tones have been studied, emphasizing systematic analysis of the effective frequency bands, dynamic properties and the time course of responses. Distribution of the units' best excitatory frequencies (BEF) is: low frequency neurons 23% (BEF 3–65 kHz); FM-frequency neurons 25% (BEF 65–81 kHz, i.e., frequencies occurring in the FM-part of the bat's echo signal); filter neurons 45% (BEF 81–88 kHz, i.e., frequencies occurring in the stabilized CF-part of the bat's echo=reference frequency (RF)); high frequency neurons about 7% (BEF > 88 kHz). Tuning curves show conventional shapes (Fig. 1), apart from those of filter neurons, which are extremely narrow. Accordingly, Q_10dB-values (BEF divided by the bandwidth of the tuning curve at 10 dB above threshold) are 80–450 in filter neurons (Fig. 2). Response patterns (Fig. 3) are similar to those of Nucleus cochlearis units (transient, sustained, negative and complex responders) with an increased percentage of complex responders up to 38% and a decreased number of transient responders.All types of spike-count functions are found (Fig. 4); nonmonotonic ones dominating. Maximal spike counts are not at the BEF but a few kHz below. Distinct upper thresholds, especially at the BEF of filter neurons (Fig. 5) lead to abrupt changes in activity by slightly shifting stimulus frequency or intensity.The hallmark of inferior colliculus neurons is inhibition, disclosed by distinct inhibitory areas enfolding and overlapping excitatory ones (Figs. 3 and 5). Duration of inhibition varies with stimulus frequency, but is largely independent of stimulus duration (Fig. 6), whereas rebound of inhibition depends on stimulus duration building up periodic rebound activities, if stimulus duration is lengthened. In addition, there are neurons responding only periodically, regardless of stimulus frequency and intensity (Fig. 7). Inhibition is discussed in terms of improving the neuronal signal/spontaneous noise ratio and altering responsiveness of neurons after stimulation, so that these neurons may be suited to time processing in the acoustic pathway.Supported by grants from Stiftung Volkswagenwerk Az. 111858 and DFG Ne. 146/6ffWe thank Mrs. Nasrin Chayegan and Mrs. Martha Gonnert for technical assistance and Mrs. Angie Barker for her suggestions concerning the English.