植物茎尖分生组织分化调控机制研究进展

茎尖分生组织是位于植物顶端具有持续分化能力的组织,通过细胞分裂、分化产生茎、叶和花等器官,形成植株地上部分。茎尖分生组织在分化过程中受外界环境因素、内源激素水平和分子调控等影响,表现出明显变化。该文综合国内外近年来有关茎尖分生组织分化调控的研究进展,从茎尖分生组织的形态结构和环境影响因素,以及激素调控和分子调控等方面,对茎尖分生组织分化活动的研究进行综述,并对目前研究现状存在问题及未来研究方向进行了分析和展望。

Differentiation and Regulation of the Shoot Apical Meristem

The shoot apical meristem (SAM), which is the tissue located at the top of a plant, can continually undergo differentiation. The SAM gives rise to all above ground organs, such as the stems, leaves, and flowers, through cell division and differentiation. SAM development is controlled by the external environment, endogenous hormones, and molecular regulation, accordingly with phased characteristics of the SAM. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the morphological structure of the SAM and how it is affected by environmental factors, hormones, and molecular regulatory networks. We also present the research status on SAM, including unsolved problems and future research directions.