关于鸡法氏囊淋巴滤泡皮质部形成的研究

初生雏鸡孵出后立即结扎法氏囊管,使外界抗原进入法氏囊腔通路受阻,法氏囊髓质部细胞未见增殖分化,从而没有淋巴细胞穿过基膜形成皮质部。结扎法氏囊管后喂养半个月的雏鸡,再拆除结扎线,恢复泄殖腔与法氏囊的通道,外界抗原又可进入法氏囊腔,刺激滤泡髓部细胞分裂增殖,并穿过基膜形成皮质部。但由于曾结扎半月,所以迁移到皮质部的细胞与对照组比较相对减少。结扎法氏囊管后同时注射枯草杆菌(Bs)和四球菌(Mt),法氏囊滤泡皮质部与正常对照组相似,有的甚至比对照组更为发达。电镜观察皮质部具有不同成熟度的浆细胞。孵出的雏鸡用睾酮(TP)处理后法氏囊滤泡虽有皮质部,但不是正常的皮质部淋巴细胞。实验结果表明滤泡皮质部的形成与孵化后外界抗原的刺激有关,法氏囊作为鸟类特有的体液免疫的中枢淋巴器官,可能仅指胚胎时期发育的淋巴滤泡髓质部,而法氏囊皮质部则可能相当于外周淋巴器官。它的形成必须依赖于外界抗原的刺激。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE FORMATION OF FOLLICULAR CORTEX OF THE BURSA FABRICLII IN CHICKEN

The bursa duct of newly hatchedchick was ligated in order to arrest theentering of antigens into the bursallumen.The lymphocytes in the fol-licular medulla did not proliferate anddifferentiate,no lymphocytes passingthrough the basement membrane toform the follicular cortex.After twoweeks the ligature was loosed,antigens entered into the bursal lumenand stimulated the proliferation oflymphocytes which passed through thebasement membrane,then the follicularcortex was again formed.But thenumber of lymphocytes in the cortex wascomparatively Jess then that of thecontrol.Injection of Bacillus subtilisand Micrococcus tetragenus after li-gation into the bursal lumen,the lym-phoid follicles were observable to bewell developed,even better than thenormal follicles one month later.Inthe cortex matured and immaturedplasma cells were found.By treatingthe newly hatched chicks with TP,anincompleted follicular cortex could beseen,although the cells within thecortex were not the normal type ofcortical lymphocytes. The experimental results indicatethat the formation of follicular cortex isrelated with the environmental antigens.The bursa of Fabricius in birds,as the embryonic follicular medulla isconsidered to be a central lymphoidorgan for humoral immunity,whilethe cortical portion may be equivalentto the peripheral lymphoid organ because it is formed depending upon thestimulation by environmental antigens.