The mitochondrial phylogeny of an ancient lineage of ray-finned fishes (Polypteridae) with implications for the evolution of body elongation,pelvic fin loss,and craniofacial morphology in Osteichthyes |
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Authors: | Dai Suzuki Matthew C Brandley Masayoshi Tokita |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan;(2) Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 06520-8105 New Haven, CT, USA;(3) Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 305-8572 Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan |
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Abstract: | Background The family Polypteridae, commonly known as "bichirs", is a lineage that diverged early in the evolutionary history of Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fish), but has been the subject of far less evolutionary study than other members of that clade. Uncovering patterns
of morphological change within Polypteridae provides an important opportunity to evaluate if the mechanisms underlying morphological
evolution are shared among actinoptyerygians, and in fact, perhaps the entire osteichthyan (bony fish and tetrapods) tree
of life. However, the greatest impediment to elucidating these patterns is the lack of a well-resolved, highly-supported phylogenetic
tree of Polypteridae. In fact, the interrelationships of polypterid species have never been subject to molecular phylogenetic
analysis. Here, we infer the first molecular phylogeny of bichirs, including all 12 recognized species and multiple subspecies
using Bayesian analyses of 16S and cyt-b mtDNA. We use this mitochondrial phylogeny, ancestral state reconstruction, and geometric
morphometrics to test whether patterns of morphological evolution, including the evolution of body elongation, pelvic fin
reduction, and craniofacial morphology, are shared throughout the osteichthyan tree of life. |
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