核桃杂交后代群体及优选单株种仁中粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量的遗传特性

为明确核桃(Juglans regia L.)种仁中粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量的遗传特性,分别对品种‘元林’(母本)和‘青林’(父本)及其杂交后代群体种仁的粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量及其遗传参数进行了测定及分析；并在此基础上,比较分析了15个优选单株种仁的粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量以及种仁油的脂肪酸组成.结果显示:‘元林’和‘青林’及其杂交后代群体种仁中粗蛋白质含量均值分别为17.61％、19.28％和19.70％,变异系数分别为4.25％、7.99％和18.75％；粗脂肪含量均值分别为61.03％、59.28％和57.61％,变异系数分别为10.54％、4.93％和9.56％.杂交后代群体种仁的粗蛋白质及粗脂肪含量的各遗传参数均有较大差异；单株间粗蛋白质含量差异极显著(P≤0.01),遗传力(H2)和相对遗传增益(△G’)分别为0.93和33.12％；粗脂肪含量差异显著(P≤0.05),H2和△G’分别为0.92和19.06％.15个优选单株种仁的粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量分别为15.78％ ～25.22％和50.41％ ～64.69％,其中,单株6-7、5-19和3-19的粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量均较高.优选单株种仁油由亚油酸、油酸、α-亚麻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、顺-11-二十碳烯酸和花生酸组成,以亚油酸相对含量最高(61.57％),不饱和脂肪酸总相对含量达87.48％.研究结果表明:与亲本相比,核桃杂交后代种仁的粗蛋白质含量较高、粗脂肪含量较低；对杂交后代进行优良单株筛选可获得粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量较高的遗传增益.

Genetic characters of crude protein and crude fat contents in kernel of hybrid progeny group and superior individuals of Juglans rejia

In order to definite the genetic characters of crude protein and crude fat contents in kernel of walnut(Juglans regia L.),contents of crude protein and crude fat and their genetic parameters in kernel of cultivars 'Yuanlin'(female),'Qinglin'(male) and their hybrid progeny group were determined and analyzed.And on this basis,crude protein and crude fat contents and fatty acid components in kernel oil of fifteen superior individuals were also comparatively analyzed.The results show that the average value of c...