Phylogenetic and functional diversity of propionate-oxidizing bacteria in an anaerobic digester sludge |
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Authors: | Herto Dwi Ariesyady Tsukasa Ito Kazumi Yoshiguchi Satoshi Okabe |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan;(2) Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan |
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Abstract: | The phylogenetic and functional diversity of syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacteria (POB) present in an anaerobic digester
was investigated by microautoradiography combined with fluorescent in situ hybridization (MAR–FISH) that can directly link
16S rRNA phylogeny with in situ metabolic function. The syntrophic POB community in the anaerobic digester sludge consisted
of at least four phylogenetic groups: Syntrophobacter, uncultured short rod Smithella (Smithella sp. SR), uncultured long rod Smithella (Smithella sp. LR), and an unidentified group. The activities of these POB groups were dependent on the propionate concentrations. The
uncultured Smithella sp. SR accounted for 52–62% of the total active POB under all the propionate concentrations tested (0.5–15 mM). In contrast,
uncultured Smithella sp. LR was active only at lower propionate concentrations and became a dominant active POB at 0.5 mM of propionate. Syntrophobacter accounted for 16–31% of the total active POB above 2.5 mM propionate, whereas the active Syntrophobacter population became low (ca. 6%) at 0.5 mM of propionate. The anaerobic digester was operated in a fill and draw mode, resulting
in periodical changes in propionate concentration ranging from 0 to 10 mM. These phylogenetically and functionally diverse,
to some extent functionally redundant, active POB communities were dynamically responding to the periodical changes in propionate
concentration. |
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Keywords: | Anaerobic digestion Propionate-oxidizing bacteria MAR– FISH Functional diversity |
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