甜玉米EMS突变体资源共享库的构建及初步鉴定

优异的种质资源是培育丰产、优质农作物新品种的基础和首要条件,创制甜玉米突变体材料对优良甜玉米新品种选育和玉米分子育种研究具有重要的意义。本研究中,采用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变剂对甜玉米自交系华甜选H-16-2-2-3的花粉进行诱变及人工授粉,构建甜玉米EMS诱变突变体资源库。通过田间筛选与表型考察,共获得影响生育期、散粉抽丝间隔期、植株叶夹角、叶片大小、雄穗姿态、雄性育性、植株高、穗位高、穗行数、子粒顶端颜色、子粒大小、子粒皱缩程度等重要农艺性状的M2代突变体材料24363份。对其中2000份M2代突变体进行田间初步表型筛选,并借助高通量测序分析对部分单隐性核基因突变引起的突变体进行基因定位分析。在上述工作基础上,提出构建国内甜玉米种质资源共享库,为甜玉米育种及基因功能研究提供宝贵的试验材料和基因资源,促进甜玉米育种相关资源的共享。

Construction of EMS-mutagenized Sweet Maize Mutant Resources Sharing Database and Primary Screening

Elite germplasm resources are the basis and prerequisite for breeding new crop varieties of high yield and quality.Creating sweet maize mutant library is of great significance to the breeding of new varieties and molecular breeding research of maize.In this study,ethyl methylsulfonate(EMS)was used to mutagenize the pollen of sweet maize inbred line‘Hua-tian-xuan H-16-2-2-3’for artificial pollination and construction of the first sweet maize EMSmutagenized mutant library in China.Through field screening and phenotypic investigation,we obtained 24363 mutant plants of M2 generation with important agronomic traits of growth period,anthesis-silking interval,angle between stem and upper leaves,leaf size,tassel posture,male fertility,plant height,ear height,ear row number,grain color,grain size,grain shrinkage affected.Preliminary phenotypic screening of 2000 M2 mutants was carried out in the field,and gene mapping of some mutants caused by single recessive nuclear gene mutation was analyzed by high throughput sequencing.On the basis of the above work,the first domestic sweet corn germplasm resource sharing database was proposed to provide valuable experimental materials and genetic resources for sweet corn breeding and gene function research,and to promote the sharing of sweet corn breeding related resources.