溶藻细菌FS1的溶藻效果与机制初探

近年来，由水体富营养化引发的蓝藻水华频繁暴发，对水体生态系统平衡产生了重大影响，给人类健康也带来严重威胁。生物法除藻具有高效性、环境友好等优点，因此，如果能获得具有较高溶藻效率的溶藻细菌，选择生物法除藻更为理想。从菏泽一富营养化池塘分离得到1株溶藻细菌FS1，经16S rDNA测序分析鉴定为芽胞杆菌属。实验以铜绿微囊藻为研究对象，采用血球计数板法计算反应前后藻细胞的浓度，对不同生长阶段溶藻细菌FS1的溶藻效果进行了探究。停滞期、对数期、稳定期和衰亡期的除藻率分别为7.1%、24.3%、57.0%和45.5%，结果表明，处于稳定期的FS1对铜绿微囊藻的去除效果最佳。细菌溶藻方式的研究结果表明，溶藻细菌是通过分泌溶藻物质间接溶解藻细胞。

Initial Investigation on Algicidal Effect and Mechanism of Algae lytic Bacteria FS1

In recent years, frequent breaking out of algal blooms caused by eutrophication of waters have affected balance of waters ecological system eventfully, also seriously threatened human health. The algae elimination with biological method has the advantages of efficiency and environmental friendly. Therefore, it is an ideal matter to select biological method to eliminate the algae if a fairly effective an algae-lytic bacterium could be obtained. In this study, an algae lytic bacterium named FS1 was isolated from an eutrophication pond in Heze, and identified as Bacillus sp. by the 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The experiment took Microcystis aeruginosa as the subject of the study. The algae lytic effect of the algae-lytic bacterium FS1 in its different stage of growth was investigated adopting hemacytometer to calculate the concentration of algae cell. The algicidal effect of FS1 in its stagnant, logarithmic, stationary, and declining periods were at 7.1%, 24.3%, 57.0%, and 45.5% respectively. The results showed that the bacterium FS1 in its stationary growth period had the best removal rates against Microcystis aeruginosa.The research result of algicidal mode suggested that the bacterium FS1 lysed M. aeruginosa by excreting algae-lytic substance to lyse the algae cell indirectly.