Rangewide phylogeography and landscape genetics of the Western U.S. endemic frog Rana boylii (Ranidae): implications for the conservation of frogs and rivers |
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Authors: | Amy J Lind Phillip Q Spinks Gary M Fellers and H Bradley Shaffer |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA;(2) USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Sierra Nevada Research Center, 1735 Research Park Drive, Davis, CA 95618, USA;(3) U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Point Reyes National Seashore, Point Reyes, CA 94956, USA;(4) Center for Population Biology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA |
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Abstract: | Genetic data are increasingly being used in conservation planning for declining species. We sampled both the ecological and
distributional limits of the foothill yellow-legged frog, Rana boylii to characterize mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in this declining, riverine amphibian. We evaluated 1525 base pairs (bp)
of cytochrome b and ND2 fragments for 77 individuals from 34 localities using phylogenetic and population genetic analyses. We constructed
gene trees using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference, and quantified genetic variance (using AMOVA and partial Mantel
tests) within and among hydrologic regions and river basins. Several moderately supported, geographically-cohesive mtDNA clades
were recovered for R. boylii. While genetic variation was low among populations in the largest, most inclusive clade, samples from localities at the edges
of the geographic range demonstrated substantial genetic divergence from each other and from more central populations. Hydrologic
regions and river basins, which represent likely dispersal corridors for R. boylii, accounted for significant levels of genetic variation. These results suggest that both rivers and larger hydrologic and geographic
regions should be used in conservation planning for R. boylii. |
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